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Century Plant Agave

Agave americana

Perennial

Dramatic succulent with bold architectural presence and extreme drought tolerance.

Low waterFull sun4-6 ft
Extreme drought toleranceArchitectural interestWildlife value

Care Instructions

Watering

Water only once a month in summer, once every 6–8 weeks in winter. Never water in winter if temperatures are below 40°F. Overwatering is the number one killer.

Sunlight

Full blazing sun (8+ hours). Thrives on reflected heat from walls and pavement. Never plant in shade.

Soil

Gravelly, sandy, or rocky desert soil with perfect drainage. pH 7.0–8.0. Add 50% coarse grit to any planting mix. Raised beds are ideal in clay soils.

Seasonal Guide

Best Planting Time

Spring through early summer in desert climates. Gives the plant time to root before winter.

Bloom / Growth Season

Blooms once after 10–30 years, producing a towering flower spike 15–30 feet tall. The mother plant dies after flowering; offset "pups" survive.

Dormancy

No true dormancy. Growth slows in winter. Hardy to about 15°F depending on drainage — wet cold is more damaging than dry cold.

Common Problems & Solutions

Agave snout weevil (sudden collapse of center leaves)

No effective treatment once infested. Remove and destroy plant to prevent spread. Apply systemic imidacloprid preventively to healthy plants.

Root rot from overwatering or poor drainage

Plant in raised beds with 50% grit. Never water in winter. If caught early, unpot, dry roots, dust with sulfur, replant in dry grit.

Frost damage on tips

Minor tip damage is cosmetic. If the central growing point (heart) freezes, the plant is lost. Protect with frost cloth when temps below 20°F.

Plant Details

USDA Zones

8a, 8b, 9a, 9b +3

Maintenance

low

Mature Height

4-6 ft

Native Regions

Mexico, Southwest US

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